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Ecologica Sangro S.p.A. was established in 1987 with registered and operational head office at Lanciano (CH) and operates in the sector of integrated solid urban waste management system, in the district area of "Frentano" and "Sangro Aventino" (53 municipalities), for a catchment area of about 150,000 inhabitants.

Ecologica Sangro, a Deco group's company, represents one of the most innovative company in the centre-south of Italy, operating in the ecology sector.

In full respect of the territorial and geological characteristics of the surrounding area, Ecologica Sangro is structured in a way that guarantees efficient services that go from transportation and collection of waste, to the design and construction of plants for the disposal and recovery (also in energy terms) of the same, in full compliance with the Kyoto protocol, and the latest European regulations on the matter.

Professional approach and competence, also confirmed by the obtaining, within just a few years from its creation, of Quality and Environment Approvals (ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 14001) - have enabled Ecologica Sangro to complete to date:

• the landfill of the District Consortium for Waste Disposal (1995);
• the mechanical treatment plant for urban solid waste (2005);
• the landfill biogas energy recovery plant (2005).

The energy recovery plant of the biogas being produced by the consortium landfill, which came into operation in February 2005, has an electric power of 1,672 kW and permits:

• Producing annually about 13,250,000 kWh, equal to annual energy requirements of about 5,050 residential customers.
The unit of measurement giving the quantity of electricity produced is kWh equal to an electric power of 1000W over a period of one hour.
• Recovering about 7,884,000 Nmc/year of biogas.
• Avoiding consumption of 3,269 tons of oil per year. Tons of oil which are not wasted because of producing electricity from renewable sources (biogas) instead of oil.
• Avoiding emission in the atmosphere of 9,302 tons/year of carbon dioxide. Tons of CO2 which have been avoided not emitted into the atmosphere because of producing electricity from renewable sources as biogas instead of traditional ones as coal, oil, etc.
• Avoiding dispersion in the atmosphere of 59,340 tons/year of carbon dioxide. Tons of CO2 equal to tons of methane (CH4) contained in biogas which would be dispersed in the atmosphere if not collected by the plant.

• Look at the system's layout

The plant is composed of the following sections:

• Collection system
The biogas being produced by biodegradable parts of wastes disposed in the landfill is extracted through a collection system composed of vertical wells and perimeter reception pits.

• Biogas conveying system
Each collection element is connected through a pipe (secondary line) to severalmanifolds (control stations) arranged throughout the perimeter of landfill acting for adjusting the flow rate by means of special valves and monitoring systems. The gas is then conveyed towards the extraction station through underground pipework (primary lines) arranged along the landfill perimeter.

• Extraction and control system
An automatic control system operates for testing all physical parameters of gas flow (flow rate, pressure, temperature) as well as the most important qualitative parameters (% methane and % oxygen).
Physical and chemical parameters are tested automatically by a computer operating for changing regulation in order either to optimise gas quality or stop collection in case of danger. Fromcontrol systems, after being purified, biogas is then conveyed for cooling operation at a temperature near 1°C through a tube bundle-like water-biogas heat exchanger which a chiller is operated with. The core of the extraction and inspection section is an aspiration unit throughwhich the required depression is created for thewhole biogas collection systemand, at the same time, the pressure necessary for biogas to fuel electricity generators and/or torches is supplied.

• Energy Production
The plant for the production of electricity is composed of an electricity-generating set and a voltage transforming system. The incoming gas is conveyed to electricity generators made up of engines fuelled by biogas. Electricity, once transformed from low to medium voltage, is conveyed to the national distribution network. Electricity generators are equipped with an automatic carburation control system guaranteeing, along with the gas purification process, that emissions limits are observed.

• Emergency system
In dumps equipped with systems used for biogas energy recovery, the torch operates as a security system in case of emergency. Should either the biogas rate extracted from dumps be higher than maximum energy requirements of electricity-generating set or the latter be out of order, biogas combustion is carried out in torches in a way that dump safety conditions are maintained constantly.

Created in 1994 and operating since 1995, the consortium landfill is classified as "landfill for non-dangerous wastes" (former 1A category) and divided in 3 lots, for a total capacity of more than 2,000,000 cubic meters.

The landfill, in linewith the Community Directive 1999/31/EC adopted in Italywith the Legislative Decree 36/2003,was createdwhile taking into account all necessary technical requirements for the protection of the environmentalmatrices concerned (water, air, soil and subsoil). The intrinsic and characteristic feature of the plant is about its natural geological barrier with very low permeability, composed of a grey-blue clay layer dating back of the late Pleistocene, hundreds of meters thick (natural component), completed with, both on the bottomand banks, synthetic sheets in HDPE, 2mmthick (man-made component), and a systemof leachate draining (built component).

The landfill is also equipped with a biogas collection and recovery plant with production of electricity, a rainwater collection and pre-treatment system and additional works such as: office building, weighing plant, weighing office, weather station, etc.

At present, the plant serves 53 Municipalities in the Province of Chieti (about 150,000 inhabitants), private producers and, under ruling, other Municipalities in the Region of Abruzzo, collecting on average a total of about 100,000 tons/year.

• Biogas energy recovery plant
• Plant for mechanical treatment of wastes

The plant is composed of the following sections:

• Collection system
The biogas being produced by biodegradable parts of wastes disposed in the landfill is extracted through a collection system composed of vertical wells and perimeter reception pits.

• Biogas conveying system
Each collection element is connected through a pipe (secondary line) to severalmanifolds (control stations) arranged throughout the perimeter of landfill acting for adjusting the flow rate by means of special valves and monitoring systems. The gas is then conveyed towards the extraction station through underground pipework (primary lines) arranged along the landfill perimeter.

• Extraction and control system
An automatic control system operates for testing all physical parameters of gas flow (flow rate, pressure, temperature) as well as the most important qualitative parameters (% methane and % oxygen).
Physical and chemical parameters are tested automatically by a computer operating for changing regulation in order either to optimise gas quality or stop collection in case of danger. Fromcontrol systems, after being purified, biogas is then conveyed for cooling operation at a temperature near 1°C through a tube bundle-like water-biogas heat exchanger which a chiller is operated with. The core of the extraction and inspection section is an aspiration unit throughwhich the required depression is created for thewhole biogas collection systemand, at the same time, the pressure necessary for biogas to fuel electricity generators and/or torches is supplied.

• Energy Production
The plant for the production of electricity is composed of an electricity-generating set and a voltage transforming system. The incoming gas is conveyed to electricity generators made up of engines fuelled by biogas. Electricity, once transformed from low to medium voltage, is conveyed to the national distribution network. Electricity generators are equipped with an automatic carburation control system guaranteeing, along with the gas purification process, that emissions limits are observed.

• Emergency system
In dumps equipped with systems used for biogas energy recovery, the torch operates as a security system in case of emergency. Should either the biogas rate extracted from dumps be higher than maximum energy requirements of electricity-generating set or the latter be out of order, biogas combustion is carried out in torches in a way that dump safety conditions are maintained constantly.

The plant is composed of the following sections:

• Collection system
The biogas being produced by biodegradable parts of wastes disposed in the landfill is extracted through a collection system composed of vertical wells and perimeter reception pits.

• Biogas conveying system
Each collection element is connected through a pipe (secondary line) to severalmanifolds (control stations) arranged throughout the perimeter of landfill acting for adjusting the flow rate by means of special valves and monitoring systems. The gas is then conveyed towards the extraction station through underground pipework (primary lines) arranged along the landfill perimeter.

• Extraction and control system
An automatic control system operates for testing all physical parameters of gas flow (flow rate, pressure, temperature) as well as the most important qualitative parameters (% methane and % oxygen).
Physical and chemical parameters are tested automatically by a computer operating for changing regulation in order either to optimise gas quality or stop collection in case of danger. Fromcontrol systems, after being purified, biogas is then conveyed for cooling operation at a temperature near 1°C through a tube bundle-like water-biogas heat exchanger which a chiller is operated with. The core of the extraction and inspection section is an aspiration unit throughwhich the required depression is created for thewhole biogas collection systemand, at the same time, the pressure necessary for biogas to fuel electricity generators and/or torches is supplied.

• Energy Production
The plant for the production of electricity is composed of an electricity-generating set and a voltage transforming system. The incoming gas is conveyed to electricity generators made up of engines fuelled by biogas. Electricity, once transformed from low to medium voltage, is conveyed to the national distribution network. Electricity generators are equipped with an automatic carburation control system guaranteeing, along with the gas purification process, that emissions limits are observed.

• Emergency system
In dumps equipped with systems used for biogas energy recovery, the torch operates as a security system in case of emergency. Should either the biogas rate extracted from dumps be higher than maximum energy requirements of electricity-generating set or the latter be out of order, biogas combustion is carried out in torches in a way that dump safety conditions are maintained constantly.

The plant for mechanical treatment of wastes was created in 2005 within a mill, about 1,000 square meters. The plant lay-out, designed in conformity with the law in force, is set out in four different phases.

In the primary receiving phase, the incoming wastes are unloaded in a room inside the treatment plant in order to be collected and transferred to a grinding machine (grinding phase).

Afterwards, through the screening phase, the groundmaterial is separated further in two different fractions: a dry fraction (lightweight material with moisture content lower than 5%) and a wet fraction (heavy material with moisture content higher than 50%).

Lastly, through the loading phase, both the fractions incoming fromthe screening phase are handled and placed inside two self-compaction semitrailers. The compaction allows the waste be handled easily, so taking up lower space in the following collection phase.

Ecologica Sangro runs its activities by providing services according to criteria of quality, environmental protection, and respect for workers’ health and safety.

In order to achieve objectives aiming to ensure continuity, reliability, and expansion of its services, Deco has adopted an Integrated Quality, Environment and Safety System based on the following basic principles:

• pursuit of customer satisfaction
• effectiveness of its management system and processes
• commitment to compliance with the applicable regulations in the environmental protection sector
• minimization of the environmental impact connected with its activities
• recourse, where economically sustainable, to the best available technologies (BAT) reduction of risks for workers’ health and safety
• pursuit of a continuous improvement of its management system involvement and raising of the awareness of all personnel
• communication of its company policy both outside and within the company

waiting for info.

• Ecologica Sangro, S.P. Pedemontana km. 10 s.n. - Localita' Cerratina 66034 Lanciano (CH)
• Telephone +39 0872 713399 - 50627
• Fax +39 0872 7118888 - 508825
• info@ecologicasangro.it